Daily English Vocab Capsule Day 6

Shed the Indus Albatross

Indus Waters Treaty offers one-sided benefits to Pakistan, World Bank too is partisan.

At a time when India is haunted by a deepening water crisis, the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) hangs like the proverbial albatross from its neck (Idiom - something that you have done or are connected with that keeps causing you problems and stops you from being successful). In 1960, in the naïve (marked by or showing unaffected simplicity and lack of guile) hope that waterlargesse (उदारता) would yield peace, India entered into a treaty that gave away the Indus system's largest rivers as gifts to Pakistan. Since then thatcongenitally (जन्म से) hostile neighbour, while drawing the full benefits from the treaty, has waged overt or covert aggression almost continuously and is now using the IWT itself as a stick to beat India with, including by contriving (manage to create an undesirable situation.)water disputes and internationalising them.

A partisan World Bank, meanwhile, has compounded matters further. Breaching IWT's terms under which an arbitral (relating to or resulting from arbitration) tribunal cannot be established while the parties' disagreement “is being dealt with by a neutral expert
“, the Bank proceeded in November to appoint both a court of arbitration(मध्यस्थता) (as demanded by Pakistan) and a neutral expert (as suggested by India). It did so while admitting that the two concurrent processes could make the treaty “unworkable over time”.

World Bank partisanship, however, is not new: IWT was the product of the Bank's activism, with US government support, in making India embrace an unparalleled treaty that parcelled out the largest three of the six rivers to Pakistan and made the Bank effectively a guarantor in the treaty's initial phase. With much of its meat in its voluminous annexes this is an exhaustive, book-length treaty with a patently neo-colonial structure that limits India's sovereignty to the basin of the three smaller rivers.

The Bank's recent decision was made more bizarre by the fact that while the treaty explicitly permits either party to seek a neutral expert's appointment, it specifies no such unilateral right for a court of arbitration. In 2010, such an arbitral tribunal was appointed with both parties' consent. The neutral expert, however, is empowered to refer the parties' disagreement, if need be, to a court of arbitration.

The uproar (उपद्रव) that followed the World Bank's initiation of the dual processes forced it to “pause”, but not terminate, its legally untenable decision. Stuck with a mess of its own making, it is now prodding(उकसाना)India to bail it out by compromising with Pakistan over the two moderate-sized Indian hydropower projects. But what Pakistan wants are design changes of the type it enforced years ago in the Salal project, resulting in that plant silting up(become chocked). It is threatening to target other Indian projects as well.

Yet Indian policy appears adrift(दिशाहीन/डावांडोल). Indeed, India is backsliding even on its tentative(संभावित/अनिश्चित) moves to deter Pakistani terrorism. For example, after last September's Uri attack, it suspended the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC) with Pakistan. Now the suspension has been lifted, allowing the PIC to meet in the aftermath of the state elections.

In truth the suspension was just acharade (an absurd pretence intended to create a pleasant or respectable appearance.), with the PIC missing no meeting. Prime Minister Narendra Modi reversed course in time for PIC, which meets at least once every financial year, to meet before the current year ended on March 31in order to prepare its annual report by the treaty-stipulated June 1deadline. But while the suspension was widely publicised for political ends, the reversal happened quietly.

Much of the media also fell for another charade that Modi sought to play to the hilt in Punjab elections: He promised to end Punjab's water stress by utilising India's full IWT-allocated share of the waters. His government, however, has initiated not a single new project to correct India's abysmal(बहुत खराब) failure to tap its meagre 19.48% share of the Indus waters.

Instead, Modi has engaged in little more than eyewash: He has appointed a committee of secretaries, not to find ways to fashion the Indus card to reform Pakistan's conduct, butfarcically (हास्यास्पद रूप से) to examine India's own rights under IWT over 56 years after it was signed. The answer to India's serious under-utilisation of its share, which has resulted in Pakistan getting more than 10 billion cubic metres (BCM) yearly in bonus waters on top of its staggering 167.2 BCM allocation, is not a bureaucraticrigmarole (नीरस और निरर्थक प्रक्रिया) but political direction to speedily build storage and other structures.

Despite Modi's declaration that “blood and water cannot flow together”, India is reluctant to hold Pakistan to account by linking IWT's future to that renegade state's cessation of its unconventional war. It is past time India shed its reticence.

Pakistan's interest lies in sustaining a unique treaty that incorporates water generosity to the lower riparian (relating to or situated on the banks of a river.) on a scale unmatched by any other pact in the world. Yet it is undermining its own interest by dredging up disputes with India and running down IWT as ineffective for resolving them. By insisting that India must not ask what it is getting in return but bear only IWT's burdens, even as it suffers Pakistan's proxy war, Islamabad itself highlights the treaty's one-sided character.

In effect, Pakistan is offering India a significant opening to remake the terms of the Indus engagement. This is an opportunity that India should not let go. The Indus potentially represents the most potent instrument in India'sarsenal (all the weapons and equipment that a country has) ­ more powerful than the nuclear option, which essentially is for deterrence.

Courtesy: The Times of India (Foreign Relations)

1. Largesse (noun): Generosity in bestowing something. (उदारता) 

Synonyms: generosity, liberality, munificence, magnanimity.

Antonyms: malevolence, un-charitableness, unkindness.

Example: Because of the millionaire’slargesse, twenty underprivileged graduates now have college scholarships.

2. Congenitally (adverb): Existing since birth/ present from birth. (जन्मसे) 

Synonyms: Genetically, By Birth, Naturally, Natively. 

Example: Due to a congenital heart condition that ran in their family, the parents were worried about their unborn child.

Related words:

Congenital (adjective) - Constituting an essential characteristic (जन्मजात)

3. Arbitration (noun): The use of an arbitrator(mediator) to settle a dispute. (मध्यस्थता)

Synonyms: Mediation, Conciliation, Adjudication.

Antonyms: Indecision.

Example: Because Judge Peterman has no experience in financial matters, he will never be asked to arbitrate an accounting case.

Verb forms: Arbitrate, Arbitrated, Arbitrated

Related words:

Arbitrate (verb) - To settle an argument between two people or groups after hearing the opinions and ideas of both.

4. Uproar (noun): A state of commotion, excitement, or disturbance.  (उपद्रव)

Synonyms: Chaos, Clamor, Fracas, Turmoil, Bedlam.

Antonyms: Calmness, Harmony, Peace.

Example: The town was in anuproar over the proposal to build a jail.

Related words:

Uproarious (adjective) -  कोलाहलपूर्ण

Uproariously (adverb) - कोलाहल करते हुए

5. Prod (verb): Stimulate or persuade (someone who is reluctant or slow) to do something. (उकसाना)

Synonyms: Stimulate, Stir, Rouse, Prompt.

Antonyms: Discourage, Dissuade, Repress.

Example: You need a gentle prod to remind you that life is only what you make it.

Verb forms: Prod, Prodded, Prodded.

6. Adrift (noun): Without purpose, direction, or guidance. (दिशाहीन/डावांडोल)

Synonyms: Unguided, Purposeless, Directionless,

Antonyms: Purposeful, Determined.

Example: The adrift policies of the company left it in an abysmal state.

 

7. Charade (noun): An absurd pretence intended to create a pleasant or respectable appearance. (प्रहसन/स्वांग)

Synonyms: Farce, Travesty, Pretence, Masquerade, Sham.

Antonyms: Honesty, Reality, Truth.

Example: They put on a convincing charade to keep her away from knowing about the surprise party.

8. Tentative (adjective): Not certain or fixed; provisional.  (संभावित/अनिश्चित)

Synonyms: Provisional, Unconfirmed, Unsettled, Indefinite,

Antonyms: Certain, Conclusive, Decisive, Definite, Final.

Example: Economists warn the government to not get excited about the tentative signs of economic recovery.

Related words:

Tentatively (adverb) - अस्थायी तौर से

9. Farcical (adjective): Relating to or resembling farce, especially because of absurd or ridiculous aspects. (हास्यास्पद)

Synonyms:  Comical, Preposterous, Ludicrous, Absurd, Nonsensical.

Antonyms: Sensible, Serious, Unfunny.

Example: The actor was tired of playing farcical roles and asked his manager to find him serious work.

Related words:

Farcically (adverb): (हास्यास्पद रूप से)

10. Rigmarole (noun):  A lengthy and complicated procedure./ a complex and sometimes ritualistic procedure.(नीरस और निरर्थक प्रक्रिया)

Synonyms: Fuss, Bafflegab, Double-Talk, Gibberish.

Example: Jill deleted the password on her phone to avoid the rigmarole of typing in the code every time she wanted to use the phone.